Abstract
Background
Neurocognitive deficits are common among youth with mental disorders, and patterns
of aberrant brain function generally cross diagnostic boundaries. This study investigated
associations between functional neurocircuitry and broad transdiagnostic psychopathology
dimensions in the critical preadolescent period when psychopathology is emerging.
Methods
Participants were 9- to 10-year-olds from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development
Study. Factor scores of general psychopathology, externalizing, internalizing, and
thought disorder dimensions were calculated from a higher-order model of psychopathology
using confirmatory factor analysis (N = 11,721) and entered as explanatory variables into linear mixed models to examine
associations with resting-state functional connectivity (n = 9074) and neural activation during the emotional n-back task (n = 6146) when covarying for sex, race/ethnicity, parental education, and cognitive
function.
Results
All dimensions of psychopathology were commonly characterized by hypoconnectivity
within the dorsal attention and retrosplenial-temporal networks, hyperconnectivity
between the frontoparietal and ventral attention networks and between the dorsal attention
network and amygdala, and hypoactivation of the caudal middle frontal gyrus. Externalizing
pathology was uniquely associated with hyperconnectivity between the salience and
ventral attention networks and hyperactivation of the cingulate and striatum. Internalizing
pathology was uniquely characterized by hypoconnectivity between the default mode
and cingulo-opercular networks. Connectivity between the cingulo-opercular network
and putamen was uniquely higher for internalizing pathology and lower for thought
disorder pathology.
Conclusions
These findings provide novel evidence that broad psychopathology dimensions are characterized
by common and dissociable patterns, particularly for externalizing pathology, of functional
connectivity and task-evoked activation throughout neurocognitive networks in preadolescence.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and NeuroimagingAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Longitudinal assessment of mental health disorders and comorbidities across 4 decades among participants in the Dunedin Birth Cohort Study.JAMA Network Open. 2020; 3e203221
- Age of onset of mental disorders: A review of recent literature.Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2007; 20: 359-364
- Twelve-month and lifetime prevalence and lifetime morbid risk of anxiety and mood disorders in the United States.Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2012; 21: 169-184
- A hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology can transform mental health research.Perspect Psychol Sci. 2019; 14: 419-436
- All for one and one for all: Mental disorders in one dimension.Am J Psychiatry. 2018; 175: 831-844
- Common dysfunction of large-scale neurocognitive networks across psychiatric disorders.Biol Psychiatry. 2019; 85: 379-388
- Identification of common neural circuit disruptions in cognitive control across psychiatric disorders.Am J Psychiatry. 2017; 174: 676-685
- Identification of common neural circuit disruptions in emotional processing across psychiatric disorders.Am J Psychiatry. 2020; 177: 411-421
- Addressing reverse inference in psychiatric neuroimaging: Meta-analyses of task-related brain activation in common mental disorders.Hum Brain Mapp. 2017; 38: 1846-1864
- Identification of a common neurobiological substrate for mental illness.JAMA Psychiatry. 2015; 72: 305-315
- Large-scale brain networks and psychopathology: A unifying triple network model.Trends Cogn Sci. 2011; 15: 483-506
- Specific and common genes implicated across major mental disorders: A review of meta-analysis studies.J Psychiatr Res. 2015; 60: 1-13
- Genomic relationships, novel loci, and pleiotropic mechanisms across eight psychiatric disorders.Cell. 2019; 179: 1469-1482.e11
- Research Domain Criteria (RDoC): Developing a valid diagnostic framework for research on mental disorders.Am J Psychiatry. 2010; 167: 748-751
- The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): A dimensional alternative to traditional nosologies.J Abnorm Psychol. 2017; 126: 454-477
- Using empirically-derived dimensional phenotypes to accelerate clinical neuroscience: The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) framework.Neuropsychopharmacology. 2020; 45: 1083-1085
- A hierarchical causal taxonomy of psychopathology across the life span.Psychol Bull. 2017; 143: 142
- The p factor: One general psychopathology factor in the structure of psychiatric disorders?.Clin Psychol Sci. 2014; 2: 119-137
- Is there a general factor of prevalent psychopathology during adulthood?.J Abnorm Psychol. 2012; 121: 971
- Linked dimensions of psychopathology and connectivity in functional brain networks.Nat Commun. 2018; 9: 3003
- Common and dissociable mechanisms of executive system dysfunction across psychiatric disorders in youth.Am J Psychiatry. 2016; 173: 517-526
- Functional brain correlates of dimensional psychopathology: ABCD secondary data analysis.(Available at:)
- Imaging processing and analysis methods for the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.Neuroimage. 2019; 202: 116091
- Computerized screening of comorbidity in adolescents with substance or psychiatric disorders.in: Presented at Anxiety Disorders and Depression Conference, April 6, La Jolla, California. 2013
- Development of three web-based computerized versions of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia child psychiatric diagnostic interview: Preliminary validity data.J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2020; 59: 309-325
- Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in U.S. adolescents: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication–Adolescent Supplement (NCSA).J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2010; 49 (980–909)
- The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study: Imaging acquisition across 21 sites.Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2018; 32: 43-54
- Correction of respiratory artifacts in MRI head motion estimates.Neuroimage. 2020; 208: 116400
- Generation and evaluation of a cortical area parcellation from resting-state correlations.Cereb Cortex. 2016; 26: 288-303
- Heritability of the human connectome: A connectotyping study.Netw Neurosci. 2017; 2: 175-199
- Development of large-scale functional networks from birth to adulthood: A guide to the neuroimaging literature.Neuroimage. 2017; 160: 15-31
- AFNI: Software for analysis and visualization of functional magnetic resonance neuroimages.Comput Biomed Res. 1996; 29: 162-173
- An automated labeling system for subdividing the human cerebral cortex on MRI scans into gyral based regions of interest.Neuroimage. 2006; 31: 968-980
- Whole brain segmentation: Automated labeling of neuroanatomical structures in the human brain.Neuron. 2002; 33: 341-355
- Pervasively thinner neocortex as a transdiagnostic feature of general psychopathology.Am J Psychiatry. 2021; 178: 174-182
- Replicability of structural brain alterations associated with general psychopathology: Evidence from a population-representative birth cohort [published online ahead of print Dec 3].Mol Psychiatry. 2019;
- The structure of adolescent psychopathology: A symptom-level analysis.Psychol Med. 2016; 46: 981-994
- The structure of psychopathology and association with poor sleep, self-harm, suicidality, risky sexual behavior, and low self-esteem in a population sample of adolescents [published online ahead of print May 29].Dev Psychopathol. 2020;
- Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4.J Stat Softw. 2015; 67
- Controlling the false discovery rate: A practical and powerful approach to multiple testing.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Methodological). 1995; 57: 289-300
- Evidence for dissociable linkage of dimensions of psychopathology to brain structure in youths.Am J Psychiatry. 2019; 176: 1000-1009
- Functional neuroimaging of anxiety: A meta-analysis of emotional processing in PTSD, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobia.Am J Psychiatry. 2007; 164: 1476-1488
- Emotional perception: Meta-analyses of face and natural scene processing.Neuroimage. 2011; 54: 2524-2533
- Advancing understanding of executive function impairments and psychopathology: Bridging the gap between clinical and cognitive approaches.Front Psychol. 2015; 6: 328
- The frequency of cognitive impairment in patients with anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorder: an unaccounted source of variance in clinical trials.J Clin Psychiatry. 2008; 69: 1122-1130
- Default mode network activity and connectivity in psychopathology.Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2012; 8: 49-76
- Functional disintegration in paranoid schizophrenia using resting-state fMRI.Schizophr Res. 2007; 97: 194-205
- Reduced default mode network connectivity in schizophrenia patients.Schizophr Res. 2015; 165: 90-93
- Developmental trajectories of externalizing behaviors in childhood and adolescence.Child Dev. 2004; 75: 1523-1537
- Development of internalizing problems from adolescence to emerging adulthood: Accounting for heterotypic continuity with vertical scaling.Dev Psychol. 2018; 54: 586-599
- Age of onset and lifetime projected risk of psychotic experiences: Cross-national data from the World Mental Health Survey.Schizophr Bull. 2016; 42: 933-941
- Fractionating the default mode network: Distinct contributions of the ventral and dorsal posterior cingulate cortex to cognitive control.J Neurosci. 2011; 31: 3217
- An improved neuroanatomical model of the default-mode network reconciles previous neuroimaging and neuropathological findings.Commun Biol. 2019; 2: 370
- Psychiatric genetics and the structure of psychopathology.Mol Psychiatry. 2019; 24: 409-420
- Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain.Science. 2018; 360eaap8757
- Association of prenatal alcohol exposure with psychological, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.Am J Psychiatry. 2020; 177: 1060-1072
- Exposure to maternal depressive symptoms in fetal life or childhood and offspring brain development: A population-based imaging study.Am J Psychiatry. 2019; 176: 702-710
- Tracking brain development and dimensional psychiatric symptoms in children: A longitudinal population-based neuroimaging study.Am J Psychiatry. 2018; 175: 54-62
- Demographic, physical and mental health assessments in the adolescent brain and cognitive development study: Rationale and description.Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2018; 32: 55-66
Article info
Publication history
Published online: September 11, 2020
Accepted:
September 9,
2020
Received in revised form:
September 2,
2020
Received:
July 17,
2020
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
