Abstract
Background
A decline in cortical thickness during early life appears to be a normal neuromaturational
process. Accelerated cortical thinning has been linked with conversion to psychosis
among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P). Previous research indicates
that exposure to life event stress (LES) is associated with exaggerated cortical thinning
in both healthy and clinical populations, and LES is also linked with conversion to
psychosis in CHR-P. To date, there are no reports on the relationship of LES with
cortical thickness in CHR-P. This study examines this relationship and whether LES
is linked with cortical thinning to a greater degree in individuals at CHR-P who convert
to psychosis compared with individuals at CHR-P who do not convert and healthy control
subjects.
Methods
Controlling for age and gender (364 male, 262 female), this study examined associations
between LES and baseline cortical thickness in 436 individuals at CHR-P (375 nonconverters
and 61 converters) and 190 comparison subjects in the North American Prodrome Longitudinal
Study.
Results
Findings indicate that prebaseline cumulative LES is associated with reduced baseline
cortical thickness in several regions among the CHR-P and control groups. Evidence
suggests that LES is a risk factor for thinner cortex to the same extent across diagnostic
groups, while CHR-P status is linked with thinner cortex in select regions after accounting
for LES.
Conclusions
This research provides additional evidence to support the role of LES in cortical
thinning in both healthy youth and those at CHR-P. Potential underlying mechanisms
of the findings and implications for future research are discussed.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 27, 2021
Accepted:
April 20,
2021
Received in revised form:
March 21,
2021
Received:
December 15,
2020
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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- Advances and Future Directions in Understanding Associations Between Stressful Events and Cortical Thickness in Psychosis RiskBiological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and NeuroimagingVol. 7Issue 2
- PreviewThe NAPLS 2 (North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study) is a collaborative multisite initiative that has provided several insights into risk factors associated with clinical high-risk (CHR) status and conversion to psychotic disorder (1). In the current issue of Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Aberizk et al. (2) use the NAPLS 2 dataset to better understand the associations between life event stress and cortical thickness in CHR groups. It is the first study to examine the relationship between life event stress and cortical thickness in a CHR group that converted to a psychotic disorder (CHR-P; note that the study also examined a CHR group that did not transition to a psychotic disorder and healthy control subjects).
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