Abstract
Background
Previous sleep electroencephalography studies have detected abnormalities in sleep
architecture and sleep spindle deficits in schizophrenia (SCZ), but the consistency
of these results was not robust, which might be due to the small sample size and the
influence of clinical factors such as the various medication therapies and symptom
heterogeneity. This study aimed to regard auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) as
a pointcut to downscale the heterogeneity of SCZ and explore whether some sleep architecture
and spindle parameters were more severely impaired in SCZ patients with AVHs compared
with those without AVHs.
Methods
A total of 90 SCZ patients with AVHs, 92 SCZ patients without AVHs, and 91 healthy
control subjects were recruited, and parameters of sleep architecture and spindle
activities were compared between groups. The correlation between significant sleep
parameters and clinical indicators was analyzed.
Results
Deficits of sleep spindle activities at prefrontal electrodes and intrahemispheric
spindle coherence were observed in both AVH and non-AVH groups, several of which were
more serious in the AVH group. In addition, deficits of spindle activities at central
and occipital electrodes and interhemispheric spindle coherence mainly manifested
accompanying AVH symptoms, most of which were retained in the medication-naive first-episode
patients, and were associated with Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale scores.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that the underlying mechanism of spindle deficits might be different
between SCZ patients with and without AVHs. In the future, the sleep feature of SCZ
patients with different symptoms and the influence of clinical factors, such as medication
therapy, should be further illustrated.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 08, 2021
Accepted:
July 29,
2021
Received in revised form:
June 10,
2021
Received:
January 19,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc on behalf of Society of Biological Psychiatry.
