Biomarkers represent a holy grail in psychiatric research, particularly for disorders
with strong evidence for biological etiology, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). In the case of ADHD specifically, growing evidence suggests that
core ADHD symptoms causally influence other negative outcomes, pointing to the need
for precise identification and intervention (
1
). Yet the field’s ability to provide an accurate diagnosis of ADHD and effective
interventions remains limited. The diagnosis of ADHD remains controversial, particularly
in adolescence and adulthood when no clear best practices exist for assessing and
combining symptom reports across informants or establishing a developmental course
(
2
). Even when a clear diagnosis can be established, interventions for core ADHD symptoms
remain limited. The best medication treatments for ADHD still result in no response
or partial response in many individuals (
3
), and providers are sometimes hesitant to prescribe stimulants to adolescents and
adults because of concerns about misuse or abuse. Behavioral treatments appear to
have minimal or short-lived effects on core ADHD symptoms (although there are many
benefits of these treatments for co-occurring behavioral and emotional symptoms) (
4
). There is an urgent need for improved diagnosis and for treatments that target the
mechanisms of core symptoms.
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References
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Article Info
Publication History
Accepted:
May 19,
2022
Received:
May 19,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
ScienceDirect
Access this article on ScienceDirectLinked Article
- Electroencephalographic Microstates as Novel Functional Biomarkers for Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity DisorderBiological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and NeuroimagingVol. 7Issue 8
- PreviewResearch on the electroencephalographic (EEG) signatures of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has historically concentrated on its frequency spectrum or event-related evoked potentials. In this work, we investigate EEG microstates (MSs), an alternative framework defined by the clustering of recurring topographical patterns, as a novel approach for examining large-scale cortical dynamics in ADHD.
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